Abstract. This paper examines the modeling of human evacuation from buildings during fire incidents using macroscopic, microscopic, and hybrid simulation models. The primary objective is to develop strategies aimed at minimizing evacuation time and enhancing safety through the analysis of crowd movement dynamics. The study investigates global flow characteristics using a macroscopic model, individual agent behavior with a microscopic model, and a combined approach in a hybrid model. Technologies such as Unreal Engine (UE) are utilized to create interactive simulations. The scientific significance of this work lies in the comparative evaluation of different modeling approaches for predicting evacuation times. The practical value includes optimizing architectural design, developing effective evacuation plans, and creating VR-based training simulations. Results indicate that while the macroscopic model provides rapid estimation and the microscopic model accounts for individual behavioral factors, the hybrid model most accurately reflects real-world evacuation dynamics.

Key words: Evacuation of people, fire, macroscopic model, microscopic model, hybrid model, simulation modeling, virtual reality, critical situation.